"Kill your darlings "

(一)

Stephen White 谈写风格,说往往份讲究文句抑扬顿挫,陶醉在己创造的文字声色中。他说,有一位文章曾经令写的人必须忍痛杀掉笔的一些肝宝贝(“Kill your darlings ”)。文章诱人的一字、一句、一段,往往顾引人入胜不守本份,读者於是叹观止忘其所(“Words, sentences, paragraphs that call much attention to themselves are not doing the job they are inteo do. While the reader is paying them due reverence, he is likely to ighe message they were meant to vey ”)。文体沉浮字海数十年,必定身经千万次割爱苦。艺术求“巧”,死练技术,经年累月,许不难办。求“拙”最不容易,“巧”做根基,加浓烈的破世情的悟,反璞,淡泊,不露经营,见“拙”。文章字句诱人是“巧”的功力;杀掉些巧妙处,的正是追求就论、依情说情的“常”。此中牵涉太的阅历。路易十四的近亲Liselotte 书信集说,才艺士不宜太饱,反不不谙世故、通人情;人情世故书中不,全靠阅历(“ It is not at all suitable for people of great quality to be very learned, but highly necessary for them to know the world and be able to deal with people, and they ''t learn that from books but only from experience ”)。

(二)

,文章句子绵绵诱人,未必是些风花雪月的描述,未必是引经据典的段落。读书消化,阅世通达,即便是说风说花说雪说月,另有意境;经典引顺。有一次,我在英国图书馆翻书,书页间偶掉一张的牛皮纸,面录了Gee Eliot的一段话,说是英博物馆书,视求知畏途。说,是有一盏阿拉丁神灯就,什书一说就有(“We are going now to the British Museum to read - a fearful way of getting knowledge. If I had Aladdin''s lamp I should certainly use it to get books served up to me at a moment''s notice”)。阿拉丁神灯典故人人皆知,在浅显的句子,表达浅显的愿,既有笔墨,又有情致。那张破牛皮纸的字迹很娟秀,墨水褪了色。我抄段话,破纸插回书页。

(三)

“拙”趣,那是造化。李染的画磅礴中不稚气,功力敛弥彰,代少见。文字说“拙”,领,殊难言传。我求简练已经太了。英文说 I miss you very much,那是客套;说I miss you,有点真情;弃掉一字,说miss you,跟中文的“你”一,简直是甜甜的悄悄话,亦舒说的,教人“感动软软的”,“谁吃消”。Christina Foyle坐计程车,司机跟聊,突说:人老了不机灵有什(“ What is the good of getting old, if you don''t get artful ”)。“机灵”毕竟是艺术的灵魂;笨笨的有什头,不杀掉它。

“这些人都是有用的”目录+书签幻境中的名士